Confirmation Of Work Letter

The sage of Al-Andalus: Averroes.

born in Cordoba (1126-1198) at the time of Al-Andalus, the unknown mathematical, physical, medical and Muslim philosopher exerted great influence on the thinking not only Muslim but Christian later.
To learn a little more than Averroes's philosophical thought I have decided to seek help from an eminent scholar (my brother), I wrote an article which exposes the thought of this emimente Cordoba and thus be able to know a little background of their ideas without being as usual in mere "continent" ...

Author: Jesus Romero.

is difficult to explain the thought of Averroes without considering its antecedents in Greek culture, Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus ... and, above all, within their own culture Arabic: Al-Farabi, Avicenna, Ghazali, Avempace ... This article not intended to be ambitious and much less accurate and comprehensive. It will merely sketch some ideas of what might be thought of Averroes, introducing some concepts of these thinkers who preceded him and, without which it would be very difficult, indeed impossible, to say anything about the philosopher Averroes.

Averroes is arguably a return to rationalism and Algazel Avicenna had left to opt for a spiritualism. Indeed, Avicenna would approach inherited from Neoplatonism emanating and falsely attributed to Aristotle himself. According to the emanating system, defined by Plotinus, the world we live in would have been generated through a series of emanations. As an One that we have the main causes of himself. This One original and because a free act of self one is separated from himself, walks away, stops and contemplates. Nous emanates from there, intelligence and thought in Greek. Against the unity of the One, the Nous is the multiplicity of an inexact way, we could associate with Plato's Forms. The Nous, also separates itself and emanates the Soul. The soul is responsible for the generation of bodies and to give them life and movement, including not only the living but to the entire kosmos. Unique bodies of people involved all of this universal soul. Emanation has clear implication, what transpired is not isolated, but maintains a link with the emanating. Is thus how people, particularly through the soul have a link with the universal soul, this in turn with the Nous and this in turn with the One That is, an individual participating climbers of divinity One
the Most Arab thinkers, accepted this theory emanating although they differed in their interpretation. Ghazali and Avicenna opted more for the spiritual nature of emanation, giving high importance to the soul, which they said was the true self in front of the body, somehow, was imprisoned in the soul that wanted to ascend to divinity. Thus, both Avicenna as Ghazali, created a system where the religious and philosophical rationality merged into one. The rationale is divine and the divine sound, giving little value and showing a strong disinterest in new ways of thinking and scientific advances that fall outside of the religious.

be very critical of Averroes Avicenna not accept the road as demonstrated through the analogy. Let's see what this kind of shows: if the Qur'an puts it is forbidden to drink the date to be heady, by analogy, religion prohibit all alcoholic beverages but do not say anything about them. Theologians purport to find the invisible through the visible, so that assumed assumed and needed conclusions from premises unproven. For example, to demonstrate the temporary creation of the world, Acharya are based on the constituent atom of things eternal. However, the affirmation of the indivisible atom and should take as a premise as it and include it in their system as a principle of forced acceptance. Ghazali was Achari and was criticized by Averroes. Can not be determined from the hidden to the visible as it was intended, since to make that leap, the nature of the known and unknown should be the same. Avicenna, in his interpretation emanating, had included the celestial beings with a soul, giving justification to magic spells, talismans, amulets, the relationship with the dead and other manifestations of the intelligible and natural sciences a place in your system. Averroes, criticized attempts to harmonize philosophy and religion. No philosophical discussion can be subjected to religious matters and vice versa. If philosophers want to discuss religious issues have to admit their principles, based on revelation, not reason. The same will have to do the ulema whether to treat philosophical issues. The truth is a religion but uses the imagination (1) and is intended everyone, while science is governed by the demonstration or dialectic, illustrated reserved. Religion is consistent with the philosophy, are sisters who seek the truth, have the same goal, but at different levels. Averroes

only accept a form of knowledge, intellectual learning by starting from sentient beings, comes to abstraction. Averroes' rationalism can be summarized as follows:

1. Separation of religion and philosophy.

2. Affirmation of the causal principle, so that the effects are explained through the causes, both physical and metaphysical world.

3. Tendency to a rationalistic pantheism where divinity is a unifying power of the different parts of the world (2).

4. Difficulty of finding the truth whether in religious or philosophical context, limited by the causes that discovers, moreover, that limit is a stimulator of personal intellectual effort.

5. Endangered by attempts to uncover the truth untrained for it.

Averroes, discard the theory emanating farabiano-aveciana, then blames it on the analogies made between the visible and invisible. Human science will always be imperfect, whereas God is perfect and can not she said nothing. Of divinity flowing around the order of the universe. God is like a ruler of a city, where his will is broadcast on all parties to define the world. It would be like a spiritual force that pervades the world at large, integrated parts and maintains its existence.

For Averroes knowledge is based on causality, because the effects can only be understood through their causes. To determine how well will need to know the causes.

The man, understanding the order of cause and effect, reaching science and knowledge, but knowledge is always imperfect, and that human intelligence can not cover the entire order and harmony that reigns in the universe. For Averroes greater sage is the man, more rational, more free, they know the confluence of the root causes of their desires and be better able to realize them, ie be free. -----------------------------------

1 Understanding mental image, ie revelation. 2 should be clear that Islamic pantheism differs from what is understood in the West for pantheism. In Islam God is everything, not every thing is God in the West. In any case, be clarified that not all experts Averrores defined as pantheistic.

Bibliography:

1. The Legacy of Arab philosophical
Yabri Mohamed Abed.
Trotta. 2001.
2. History of thought in the Islamic world
Miguel Cruz Hernandez
editorial Alliance. 1996
3. History of philosophy. Volume 2
Frederick Copleston.
Ariel. 2000

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Rafael box "School of Athens" that I show here we find Averroes. Look a bit by the network to find him. I left you a assistance
: http://aprendersociales.blogspot.com/2007/02/la-escuela-de-atenas.html